ENT & RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Cough, which reveals many pathologies

Cough is a natural defense reflex to expel mucus or irritating agents from the airways. It can be acute, chronic, dry or oily. It is, most often, due to a viral infection but can be caused by other diseases: gastroesophageal reflux disease, asthma, allergy…(1)
  • Cough is a frequent symptom in adults but even more so in children, with a peak in frequency at 6 years (1).
  • At this age, more than 27% of children have had at least two cough episodes in the past year. Children develop their immune systems and are more sensitive to airway damage than adults (1).
  • In the most cases, coughing reveals a viral or more rarely bacterial infection of the respiratory tract:
    • rhinopharyngitis
    • laryngitis
    • bronchiolitis
    • acute bronchitis
    • sinusitis
    • pneumonia
    • whooping cough (1).
    • It is also chronically present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or chronic bronchitis (1).

(1)AMELI : Comprendre les mécanismes de la toux (consulté le 01/08/2018)

Vertigo

  • In case of vertigo, people have the illusion that the environment (walls, floors, ceilings, objects) starts to move or to move themselves in space (1).
  • These manifestations are related to a balance disorder (1).
  • The duration and frequency of dizziness vary greatly (1).
  • Vertiginous sensations are close to vertigo and can also be linked to a balance disorder. Vertiginous sensations usually disappear as soon as the person takes support somewhere, sits or lies down (1).
  • Vertigo can be accompanied by various symptoms: nausea or vomiting, sweating, hearing loss, tinnitus, headache (1).
  • Vertigo and dizzying sensations require a medical check-up (1).

Meniere’s Disease

 

  • Due to an increase in pressure in the auditory labyrinth, of unknown origin, Ménière’s disease is at the origin of intense and rotational vertigo attacks, which last about twenty minutes or even a few hours (1).
  • These dizzying seizures are accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting, tinnitus and hearing loss (1).
  • The disease progresses to chronic lesions in the labyrinth responsible for chronic dizziness, permanent balance disorders and progressive deafness (1).

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